Multiband Microwave Filter Using Multi-Wavelength Resonator
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47604/ajcet.3495Keywords:
Multi-Band Filter, Microstrip, Hexa-Band Pass Filter, Open Ends Resonator, MicrowaveAbstract
Purpose: The primary objective of this work is to present the development of a dual-port RF bandpass filter with the unique capability of offering a programmable center frequency along with selectable passbands or stopbands. The design emphasizes adaptability, compactness, and efficiency, aiming to provide a versatile solution for multiband RF applications. By ensuring reconfigurability without significantly enlarging the circuit footprint, the filter is tailored to operate effectively under diverse signal conditions.
Methodology: The proposed design is formed of six multi-resonator units as a separate bandpass filter. These half-units are connected by 180° lines for signal routing. The resonator sees a G-type topology to guarantee the precise capture of the desired frequency response. A variable impedance transformer is used to couple the resonators in parallel, which is also the key element in controlling the signal attenuation and combination of passbands. By tuning the structural parameters applied to the gradient resonant system, the resonant frequency of each unit could be dynamically changed. Furthermore, the architecture includes several communication links to enable separate control of bandwidths. The overall behavior of the filter was demonstrated by both his analytical analysis and experimental results.
Findings: The results show that the center frequency of the filter can be dynamically tuned by tuning the resonant properties of the individual elements. The variable impedance transformer facilitates programmable and flexible control of the number and position of the passbands, and transmission zeros can be used to contribute signal selectivity enhancement at edges of the upper and lower passbands. The design features a multiband mechanism with slight expansion of the circuit size. In addition, good agreement is reached between simulation and measurement results, which demonstrates the good stability and dependability of the proposed design.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: In light of these results, the presented filter architecture is strongly recommended for multiband RF systems requiring compactness and adaptability. Potential future work could involve refining the gradient resonant system to achieve greater precision in bandwidth control and further enhancement of filtering selectivity. Moreover, the design methodology introduced in this study may be extended to advanced RF communication platforms where reconfigurability and efficient use of hardware resources are critical.
Downloads
References
Aidoo, M. W., & Song, K. (2019, December). Reconfigurable dual-band bandpass filter using stub-loaded stepped-impedance resonators. In 2019 16th International Computer Conference on Wavelet Active Media Technology and Information Processing (pp. 434-437). IEEE.
Al-Mudhafar, A. A., Al-Kafahji, N., & Albattat, H. J. (2023). Meandered Split Ring Resonators SRRs Based Reconfigurable Band Pass Filter Design for Cognitive Radio Applications. Al-Furat Journal of Innovations in Electronics and Computer Engineering, 2(1), 14-23.
Al-Mudhafar, A. A., Al-Khafaji, N., & Al-Battat, H. J. (2020, December). Split ring resonators SRRs based bandwidth and center frequency tunable bandpass filter. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2290, No. 1, p. 040011). AIP Publishing LLC.
Basheer, A. A., Alsahlany, A. M., Abbas, S. A., Qasim, A. A., & Abdullah, M. L. (2020, February). Design a cylindrical antenna for millimeter–wave applications. In 2020 International Conference on Information Science and Communication Technology (ICISCT) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Chen, Y. W., Tai, T. C., Wu, H. W., Su, Y. K., & Wang, Y. H. (2017, June). Design of compact multilayered quad-band bandpass filter. In 2017 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) (pp. 1815-1818). IEEE.
Doan, M., Nguyen, T., & Le, H. (2013, October). Miniaturized tri-band bandpass filter using modified triple-mode resonators with multiple transmission zeros. In 2013 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC 2013) (pp. 492-495). IEEE.
Feng, W. J., Che, W. Q., & Xue, Q. (2012, May). Novel dual-band bandpass filter using multi-mode resonator. In 2012 4th International High Speed Intelligent Communication Forum (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Feng, W., Che, W., & Xue, Q. (2012, October). Novel wideband balanced bandpass filter based on multi-mode resonator. In 2012 42nd European Microwave Conference (pp. 392-395). IEEE.
Gómez-García, R., Guyette, A. C., Psychogiou, D., Naglich, E. J., & Peroulis, D. (2016). Quasi-elliptic multi-band filters with center-frequency and bandwidth tunability. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 26(3), 192-194.
Gómez-García, R., Psychogiou, D., & Peroulis, D. (2016, May). Reconfigurable single/multi-band planar impedance transformers with incorporated bandpass filtering functionality. In 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Gómez-García, R., Psychogiou, D., Muñoz-Ferreras, J. M., & Peroulis, D. (2016, March). Multi-band signal-interference planar bandpass filters based on stub-loaded transversal filtering sections. In 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Gómez-García, R., Yang, L., & Psychogiou, D. (2021). A frequency transformation for co-designed multi-passband/multi-embedded-notch RF filters. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 68(7), 2429-2433.
Hong, J. S. G., & Lancaster, M. J. (2004). Microstrip filters for RF/microwave applications. John Wiley & Sons.
Hsu, K. W., & Tu, W. H. (2012, June). Compact wide-stopband quad-band bandpass filter with tunable transmission zeros. In 2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (pp. 1-3). IEEE.
Li, D., Wang, D., Liu, Y., Chen, X., & Wu, H. (2019, May). Compact tri-band bandpass filter based on ring multi-mode resonator. In 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS) (pp. 1-3). IEEE.
Liu, H., Xu, Y., Ren, B., Wen, P., Peng, Y., Liu, J., ... & Lai, C. (2016, May). Compact tri-band bandpass filter using short stud-loaded symmetric loop multimode resonator. In 2016 IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics: Applications and Student Innovation Competition (iWEM) (pp. 1-2). IEEE.
Qasim, A. A., Abdullah, M. F. L., Talib, R., Alsahlany, A. M., & Gismalla, M. S. M. (2020, February). Modelling 5 Units Illumination for Visible Light Communication System. In 2020 International Conference on Information Science and Communication Technology (ICISCT) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Ren, B., Ma, Z., Liu, H., Guan, X., Wen, P., & Ohira, M. (2019, May). Compact multi-band differential bandpass filters using microstrip multi-mode resonators. In 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS) (pp. 1-3). IEEE.
Sánchez-Renedo, M., & Gómez-García, R. (2011, June). Multi-coupled-resonator dual-band bandpass microstrip filters with non-resonating nodes. In 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Simpson, D., & Psychogiou, D. (2019, June). Multi-band differential bandpass filters with quasi-elliptic-type passbands and multi-transmission zero common-mode suppression. In 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) (pp. 1027-1030). IEEE.
Simpson, D., Gómez-García, R., & Psychogiou, D. (2019, June). Multi-band bandpass filters with multiple levels of transfer-function reconfigurability. In 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) (pp. 91-94). IEEE.
Simpson, D., Gómez-García, R., & Psychogiou, D. (2020, January). Tunable High-Order Multi-Band Bandpass Filters Using Transversal Multi-Resonant Cells. In 2020 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS) (pp. 138-140). IEEE.
Vikash, S., Natarajan, K., Sri Hari, B., Sri Pragathi, B., Poornima, T., & Natarajamani, S. (2020, June). Multi-objective optimization of cross coupled resonators based microstrip bandpass filter using PSO. In 2020 5th International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) (pp. 322-325). IEEE.
Wahab, N. A., Khan, Z. I., Salleh, M. K. M., Bakhtiar, M. N., Rashid, N. E. A., & Othman, K. A. (2014, November). Multilayer dual-mode dual-band bandpass filter. In 2014 Loughborough Antennas and Propagation Conference (LAPC) (pp. 549-552). IEEE.
Yan, J. M., Cao, L. Z., Xu, J., & Chen, R. S. (2015). Design of a fourth-order dual-band bandpass filter with independently controlled external and inter-resonator coupling. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 25(10), 642-644.
Zhu, H., Ahmed, E. S., & Abbosh, A. M. (2015, December). Compact dual-band bandpass filter using multi-mode resonator of short-ended and open-ended coupled lines. In 2015 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC) (Vol. 2, pp. 1-3). IEEE.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Amjed A. Al-Mudhafar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
