Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and its Associated Factors among Medical Students: A Case of Copperbelt University School of Medicine, Ndola, Zambia

Authors

  • Stella Chilufya Copperbelt University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1767

Keywords:

Overweight, Obesity, Factors, Medical Students

Abstract

Purpose: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. They are a complex chronic global disease affecting people worldwide across all ages, sexes, ethnicities and nationalities. In 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults aged 18 years and older were overweight. Of these over 650 million adults were obese, 39% of adults aged 18 years and over (39% of men and 40% of women) were obese. Once considered a high - income country problem, overweight and obesity are now on the rise in low- and middle - income countries, particularly in urban settings. In Africa, obesity and overweight has been attributed to demographic and nutritional changes that have resulted from urbanization and the adoption of a western lifestyle which include lack of exercises and changes in dietary intake

The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its associated factors among medical students from Michael Chilufya Sata Copperbelt University School of medicine, Ndola, Zambia.

Methodology: A descriptive, quantitative cross - sectional study, which will use a standardized, structured self - administered questionnaire to survey the prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students from Michael Chilufya Sata Copperbelt University School of medicine, Ndola, Zambia. 384 medical students will be allowed to participate in the study and data collected will be analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS for windows).

Findings: found a low prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students at Ndola's copper-belt university. Male participants had a significantly higher prevalence than female participants, and most significant risk factor where associated with male student this might have been due to the disproportion in numbers between the male and female participants.

Unique Contribution to Theory Practice and Policy: The study indicates a need for behaviour modification related to enhance lifestyle through increased physical activity and better nutritional practices among medical students.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Caamaño-Isorna, F., Corral, M., Parada, M., & Cadaveira, F. (2008). Factors associated with risky consumption and heavy episodic drinking among Spanish university students. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 69(2), 308-312. https://doi.org/10.15288/JSAD.2008.69.308

Dagne, S., Gelaw, Y. A., Abebe, Z., & Wassie, M. M. (2019). Factors associated with overweight and obesity among adults in northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy, 12, 391-399. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S179699

Deliens, T., Deforche, B., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., & Clarys, P. (2015). Determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in university students: A qualitative study using focus group discussions. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12889-015-1553-4/FIGURES/2

Forouzanfar, M. H., Afshin, A., Alexander, L. T., Biryukov, S., Brauer, M., Cercy, K., Charlson, F. J., Cohen, A. J., Dandona, L., Estep, K., Ferrari, A. J., Frostad, J. J., Fullman, N., Godwin, W. W., Griswold, M., Hay, S. I., Kyu, H. H., Larson, H. J., Lim, S. S., "¦ Zhu, J. (2016). Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet, 388(10053), 1659-1724. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31679-8

Gerstenkorn, A., & Suwała, M. (2003). [Alcohol use by future physicians--medical and social problem]. Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 56(9-10), 402-406. https://europepmc.org/article/med/15049202

Goma, F. M., Mwewa, B., Tembo, G. K., Kachamba, M., Syatalimi, C., Simweemba, C., Chilufya, L., Mutale, W., Beaney, T., Xia, X., & Poulter, N. R. (2019). May Measurement Month 2017: Blood pressure screening results from Zambia"”Sub-Saharan Africa. European Heart Journal Supplements, 21(Supplement_D), D130-D132. https://doi.org/10.1093/EURHEARTJ/SUZ077

Goma, F. M., Nzala, S. H., Babaniyi, O., Songolo, P., Zyaambo, C., Rudatsikira, E., Siziya, S., & Muula, A. S. (2011). Prevalence of hypertension and its correlates in Lusaka urban district of Zambia: A population based survey. International Archives of Medicine, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1755-7682-4-34

Hu, F. B., Li, T. Y., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C., & Manson, J. A. E. (2003). Television Watching and Other Sedentary Behaviors in Relation to Risk of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women. JAMA, 289(14), 1785-1791. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMA.289.14.1785

Jehan, S., Zizi, F., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Wall, S., Auguste, E., Myers, A. K., Jean-Louis, G., & McFarlane, S. I. (2017). Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity: Implications for Public Health. Sleep Medicine and Disorders : International Journal, 1(4). https://doi.org/10.15406/smdij.2017.01.00019

Kafyulilo, A. C. (2008). PREVALENCE AND IMPLICATIONS OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN CHILDREN ' S HEALTH AND LEARNING BEHAVIOUR The Case of Kinondoni and Njombe Districts in Tanzania PREVALENCE AND IMPLICATIONS OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN CHILDREN ' S HEALTH AND LEARNING BEHAVIOUR . September.

Kramer, C. K., Zinman, B., & Retnakaran, R. (2013). Are metabolically healthy overweight and obesity benign conditions?: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine, 159(11), 758-769. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-11-201312030-00008

Kurpas, D., Mroczek, B., Bielska, D., Wojtal, M., Seń, M., & Steciwko, A. (2012). [Alcohol intake and tobacco smoking among students of medical schools]. Przegla̧d Lekarski, 69(10), 893-895.

Manafe, M., Chelule, P. K., & Madiba, S. (2022). The Perception of Overweight and Obesity among South African Adults: Implications for Intervention Strategies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912335

Memon, A. A., Ezz-E-Rukhshan Adil, S., Siddiqui, E. U., Naeem, S. S., Ali, S. A., & Mehmood, K. (2012). Eating disorders in medical students of Karachi, Pakistan-a cross-sectional study. BMC Research Notes, 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-84

Rabanales-Sotos, J., Villanueva-Benites, M. E., Jacinto-Magallanes-castilla, J., Leitón-Espinoza, Z. E., López-González, Ã., & López-Torres-hidalgo, J. (2020). Prevalence of overweight and obesity among health sciences students in the amazonia region of Peru. Healthcare (Switzerland), 8(4), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040538

Rabanales Sotos, J., López Gonzalez, Ã., Párraga Martínez, I., Campos Rosa, M., Simarro Herraez, M. J., & López-Torres Hidalgo, J. (2015a). Self-assessment of alcohol consumption as a health-education strategy in nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 35(1), 132-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.NEDT.2014.08.004

Rabanales Sotos, J., López Gonzalez, Ã., Párraga Martínez, I., Campos Rosa, M., Simarro Herraez, M. J., & López-Torres Hidalgo, J. (2015b). Prevalence of hazardous drinking among nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(3), 581-590. https://doi.org/10.1111/JAN.12548

Racette, S. B., Deusinger, S. S., Strube, M. J., Highstein, G. R., & Deusinger, R. H. (2008). Changes in Weight and Health Behaviors from Freshman through Senior Year of College. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 40(1), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JNEB.2007.01.001

Sapag, J. C., Lange, I., Campos, S., & Piette, J. D. (2010). Estrategias innovadoras para el cuidado y el autocuidado de personas con enfermedades crónicas en Amrica Latina. Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health, 27(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1020-49892010000100001

Simfukwe, P., Van Wyk, B., & Swart, C. (2017). Perceptions, attitudes and challenges about obesity and adopting a healthy lifestyle among health workers in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal province. African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine, 9(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1276

Sira, N., & Pawlak, R. (2010). Prevalence of overweight and obesity, and dieting attitudes among Caucasian and African American college students in Eastern North carolina: A cross-sectional survey. Nutrition Research and Practice, 4(1), 36-42. https://doi.org/10.4162/NRP.2010.4.1.36

Thakore, S., Ismail, Z., Jarvis, S., Payne, E., Keetbaas, S., Payne, R., & Rothenburg, L. (2009). The perceptions and habits of alcohol consumption and smoking among Canadian medical students. Academic Psychiatry, 33(3), 193-197. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ap.33.3.193

Warburton, D. E. R., Nicol, C. W., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2006). Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal, 174(6), 801. https://doi.org/10.1503/CMAJ.051351

Zyaambo, C., Babaniyi, O., Songolo, P., Muula, A. S., Rudatsikira, E., Mukonka, V. M., & Siziya, S. (2012). Prevalence and Determinants for Overweight and Obesity among Residents of a Mining Township in Kitwe , Zambia , in 2011 : A Survey. 4(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3823/102

Downloads

Published

2023-02-11

How to Cite

Chilufya , S. (2023). Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and its Associated Factors among Medical Students: A Case of Copperbelt University School of Medicine, Ndola, Zambia. Global Journal of Health Sciences, 8(1), 72–96. https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1767

Issue

Section

Articles