The Impact of Microfinance on Women's Empowerment in Rural Areas in Canada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47604/jdcs.2666Abstract
How to CiteAli, S. (2024). Effects of Temperature Variations on Solar Cell Efficiency in Tanzania. American Journal of Physical Sciences, 2(1), 50 – 60. https://doi.org/10.47604/ajps.2664
Downloads
References
Abebe, A., & Tadesse, B. (2020). Women's Empowerment through Microfinance: Evidence from Rural Ethiopia. Journal of Development Effectiveness, 12(4), 546-566.
Armendáriz de Aghion, B., & Morduch, J. (2005). The Economics of Microfinance. MIT Press.
BLS. (2020). Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey. United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/cps/
BLS. (2021). Highlights of Women's Earnings in 2020. United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/womens-earnings/2020/home.htm
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (pp. 241-258). Greenwood Press.
Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. (2021). Representation of Women in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/representacao/quantidade-deputadas
Catalyst. (2020). Quick Take: Women in U.S. Management and Leadership. Catalyst. https://www.catalyst.org/research/women-in-us-management/
Catalyst. (2020). Quick Take: Women on Boards. https://www.catalyst.org/research/women-on-boards/
Center for American Women and Politics. (2020). Women in the U.S. Congress 2020. https://cawp.rutgers.edu/women-us-congress-2020
Cole, S., Giné, X., & Vickery, J. (2013). How Does Risk Management Influence Production Decisions? Evidence from a Field Experiment. Review of Financial Studies, 26(8), 1988–2020.
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94(Supplement), S95-S120.
Destatis. (2020). Labour Market: Employment, Unemployment and Participation. Federal Statistical Office of Germany. https://www.destatis.de/EN/Themes/Labour/Labour-Market/Key-Figures/_node.html
Destatis. (2021). Gender Pay Gap Statistics. Federal Statistical Office of Germany. https://www.destatis.de/EN/Themes/Society-Environment/Income-Consumption-Living-Conditions/Earnings-Earnings-Distribution/Gender-Pay-Gap/_node.html
Duvendack, M., Palmer-Jones, R., Copestake, J. G., Hooper, L., Loke, Y., & Rao, N. (2018). What is the Evidence of the Impact of Microfinance on the Well-being of Poor People? EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, UCL Institute of Education, University College London.
Election Commission of India. (2021). Statistical Report on General Elections, 2019 to the 17th Lok Sabha Volume I (National and State Abstracts & Detailed Results). Election Commission of India. https://eci.gov.in/files/file/11212-general-election-to-the-lok-sabha-2019---national-and-state-abstracts-and-detailed-results/
Gine, X., & Yang, D. (2009). Insurance, Credit, and Technology Adoption: Field Experimental Evidence from Malawi. Journal of Development Economics, 89(1), 1–11.
GIZ. (2020). Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment in Germany. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit. https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/59853.html
GSS. (2020). Ghana Living Standards Survey Round 7: Poverty Trends in Ghana, 2005-2017. Ghana Statistical Service. http://www2.statsghana.gov.gh/nada/index.php/catalog/92
GSS. (2021). Gender Statistics in Ghana, 2021. Ghana Statistical Service. http://www2.statsghana.gov.gh/nada/index.php/catalog/92
Hasan, M. M., et al. (2023). Impact of Microfinance on Women's Empowerment: A Comparative Study of Rural Communities in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Development Policy Review, 41(1), 93-111.
IBGE. (2020). Labour Market: Historical Series. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/labour/employment-and-unemployment.html
IBGE. (2021). Annual Social Information Bulletin: Brazil, 2020. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/labour/employment-and-unemployment/23169-annual-social-information-bulletin.html
Inter-Parliamentary Union. (2021). Women in National Parliaments. Inter-Parliamentary Union. https://data.ipu.org/women-ranking?month=1&year=2021
Kabeer, N. (1999). Resources, Agency, Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women's Empowerment. Development and Change, 30(3), 435-464.
Kakooza, J., et al. (2021). Impact of Microfinance on Women's Empowerment: Evidence from Rural Uganda. World Development Perspectives, 24, 100346.
Karlan, D., & Zinman, J. (2010). Expanding Credit Access: Using Randomized Supply Decisions to Estimate the Impacts. Review of Financial Studies, 23(1), 433–464.
Khandker, S. R. (2005). Microfinance and Poverty: Evidence Using Panel Data from Bangladesh. The World Bank Economic Review, 19(2), 263–286.
KNBS. (2020). Economic Survey 2020. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. https://www.knbs.or.ke/?p=5995
KNBS. (2021). Gender Statistics in Kenya, 2021. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. https://www.knbs.or.ke/?page_id=3142
Liu, L., & Hossain, S. (2021). Empowering Women through Microfinance: A Capability Approach Perspective. Journal of International Development, 33(2), 265-287.
Moser, C. O. N., & Moser, A. (2018). Women, Gender, and Human Rights: A Global Perspective. Routledge.
Mwamba (2019). Impact Evaluation of Microfinance Programs on Women's Empowerment in Rural Tanzania. Journal of African Development, 21(2), 1-22.
NBS. (2020). Labor Force Statistics: Unemployment and Underemployment Report (Q4 2020). National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria.
NBS. (2021). Gender Statistics in Nigeria. National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria.
Njogu, S. M., & Wanjiku, M. K. (2020). Assessing the Impact of Microfinance on Women Empowerment: A Case Study of Kenya Women Finance Trust in Nairobi County. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(1), 85-97.
Nussbaum, M. C. (2000). Women and Human Development: The Capabilities Approach. Cambridge University Press.
ONS. (2020). UK Labour Market: February 2020. Office for National Statistics. https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/bulletins/uklabourmarket/february2020
ONS. (2021). Gender Pay Gap in the UK: 2020. Office for National Statistics. https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/earningsandworkinghours/bulletins/genderpaygapintheuk/2020
Parliament of Canada. (2021). Women in the House of Commons: 1921 to Present. Parliament of Canada. https://lop.parl.ca/sites/PublicWebsite/default/en_CA/About/CanadianElectoralInsights/CEI-2018-07-e
Pitt, M. M., Khandker, S. R., & Cartwright, J. (2006). Empowering Women with Micro Finance: Evidence from Bangladesh. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 54(4), 791–831.
Rahman (2017). Assessing the Impact of Microfinance on Women's Empowerment in Rural Bangladesh. International Journal of Social Economics, 44(7), 919-936.
Sen, A. (1985). Commodities and Capabilities. North-Holland.
Shrestha, S., & Gautam, A. (2022). Exploring Pathways to Women's Empowerment through Microfinance: A Case Study of Rural Nepal. Gender, Technology and Development, 26(1), 1-20.
Singh, R., & Kapoor, R. (2018). Exploring the Linkages Between Microfinance and Women's Empowerment in Rural India. Journal of Rural Studies, 63, 134-146.
Statistics Canada. (2020). Women in Canada: A Gender-based Statistical Report. Statistics Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/89-503-x/2010001/article/11442-eng.htm
Statistics Canada. (2021). Gender Wage Gap, by Weekly Earnings Distribution and Selected Characteristics. Statistics Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410001001
Stats SA. (2020). Quarterly Labour Force Survey, Quarter 4: 2020. Statistics South Africa.
Stats SA. (2021). Gender Statistics in South Africa, 2021. Statistics South Africa.
World Bank. (2020). World Development Indicators. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators
World Bank. (2021). Gender Statistics. World Bank. https://datatopics.worldbank.org/gender/country/india
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Daniel Martin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
