DEMOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVES AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN OCCIDENTAL INSURANCE COMPANY
Keywords:
Demographic Perspectives, Organizational Performance, Occidental Insurance CompanyAbstract
Purpose: Strategic workforce diversity is applied in organization to improve performance. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effect of strategic workforce diversity perspectives on organizational performance at the Occidental Insurance Company. The study sought to achieve four specific objectives, which were to determine the effect of demographic perspectives on organizational performance in Occidental Insurance Company, to assess the effect of human rresources perspective on organization performance in Occidental Insurance Company, to determine the effect of flexible work arrangement perspective on organization performance in Occidental Insurance Company and to establish the moderating effect of organizational factors on the relationship between workforce and performance in Occidental Insurance Company.
Methodology: A primary data methodology was adopted using a closed questionnaire for data collection. Questionnaires were administered to all employees of Occidental Insurance Company. Data collected was coded and entered into SPSS version 21 software and analyzed quantitatively to generate both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: The study revealed that demographic perspectives (p=0.00; p<0.05) and organizational factors (p=0.00; p<0.05) had a statistically significant effect on organizational performance. However, human resource perspective (p=0.392; p>0.05) and flexible work arrangement (p=0.454; p>0.05) were found not have a statistically significant influence on organizational performance. Further organizations factors were found to moderate the relationship between strategic workforce diversity and performance.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that insurance companies and other businesses alike invest in demographic perspectives and organizational factors because they significantly influence performance of organizations.
Downloads
References
Bell, S. T., Villado, A. J., Lukasik, M. A., Belau, L., & Briggs, A. L. (2011). Getting Specific about Demographic Diversity Variable and Team Performance Relationships: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Management , 709-743.
Boote, D. N., & Beile, P. (2005). Scholars Before Researchers: On the Centrality of the Dissertation Literature Review in Research Preparation. Educational Researcher , 3-15.
Chatman, J. A., & Flynn, F. J. (2001). The Influence of Demographic Heterogenity on the Emergence and Consequences of Cooperative Norms in Work Teams. Academy of Management Journal , 956- 974.
Christian, J., Porter, L., & Moffitt, W. (2006). Workplace diversity and group relations: An overview. . Group Processes & Intergroup Relations , 459-466.
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review. Journal of Management , 874-900.
Daniel, C. H. (2009). The effects of higher education policy on the location decision of individuals: Evidence from Florida's Bright Futures Scholarship Program. Regional Science and Urban Economics , 553- 562.
Edeltraud, H., & Ukur, G. (2011). Challenging Diversity Management On the meaning of cultural context: the Case of Kenya.
Gonzales, J. A., & Denisi, A. S. (2009). Cross- level effects of demography and diversity climate on organizational attachment and firm effectiveness. Journal of Organizational Behavior , 21-40.
Green, K., López, M., Wysocki, A., Kepner, K., Farnsworth, D., & Clark, J. L. (2015). Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges, and the Required Managerial Tools. IFAS Extension , 1-3.
Harrison, D. A., Price, K. H., Gavin, J. H., & Florey, A. T. (2002). Time, Teams and Task Performnce: Changing Effects of Surface And Deep-Level Diversity on Group Functioning. Academy of Management Journal , 1029-1045.
Hogg, M. A. (2006). Social Identity Theory. In P. J. Burke, Contemporary Social Psychological Theories (pp. 111-136). Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
HR Council. (2016). Diversity at Work. Retrieved August 18, 2016, from NR Council Canada: http://hrcouncil.ca/hr-toolkit/diversity-supportive-environment.cfm
Jehn, K. A., & Bezrukova, K. (2004). A field study of group diversity, workgroup context, and performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior , 703-729.
Jehn, K. A., Northcraft, G. B., & Neale, M. A. (1999). Why differences make a difference: A field study of diversity, conflict, and performance in workgroups. Administrative Science Quarterly , 741-763.
Kaplan, R., Norton, D., "The Balanced Scorecard- Measures that drive Performance".
Harvard University Press, 1992.3.
Kamoche, K. (2011). Introduction: Human Resource Management in Africa. The International Journal of Human Resource Manageemnt , 993-997.
Kinyanjui, S. (2013). Innovative Strategies for Managing Workforce Diversity in Kenyan Leading Corporations in Present Global Scenario. International Journal of Business and Management , 20-32.
Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research Methodology, Methods and Techniques. New Delhi: New Age International Publishers.
McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L., & Cook, J. M. (2001). Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks. Annual Review of Sociology , 415-444.
Michielsens, E., Bingham, C., & Clarke, L. (2014). Managing diversity through flexible work arrangements: management perspectives. Employee Relations , 49-69.
Nyambegera, S. M. (2011). Ethnicity and human resource management practice in sub-Saharan Africa: the relevance of the managing diversity discourse. the International Journal of Human Resource Management , 1077-1090.
Occidental Insurance. (2016). About Us. Retrieved September 14, 2016, from Occidental Insurance: http://www.occidental-ins.com/who-we-are/about-us
Orodho, J. A. (2003). Essentials of educational and social sciences research methods. Nairobi: Masola Publishers.
Otike, F. W., Messah, O. B., & Mwalekwa, K. F. (2009). Effects of Workplace Diversity Management on Organizational Effectiveness: a case study. European Journal of Business and Management .
Patrick, H. A., & Kumar, R. V. (2012). Managing Workplace Diversity: Issues and Challenges. Sage Open , 1-15.
Raggins, B. R., & Gonzalez, J. A. (2003). Understanding Diversity In Organizations: Getting a Grip on a Slippery Construct. In J. Greenberg, Organizationsl Behavior: The State of the Sccience (pp. 121-158). Mahwah New jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Shen, J., Chanda, A., D'Netto, B., & Monga, M. (2009). Managing diversity through human resource management: an international perspective and conceptual framework. The International Journal of Human Resource Management , 235-251.
Simons, S. M., & Rowland, K. N. (2011). Diversity and its Impact on Organizational Performance: The Influence of Diversity Constructions on Expectations and Outcomes . Journal of Technology management and Innovation , 172-183.
Smyth, R. (2004). Exploring the Usefulness of a Conceptual Framework as a Research Tool: A Researcher's Reflections. Issues in Educational Research , 167-180.
Tracy, R. L., & David, E. M. (2011). Choosing workers' qualifications: No experience necessary? . International Economic Review , 479-502.
Trente, S. (2006). The Social Identity Theory. Hamburg: Universitat hamburg.
Tyler, T. R., & Brooke, J. K. (2011). Diversity and Corporate Performance: A Review of the Psychological Literature. North Carolina law Review , 715- 748.
Van Knippenberg, D. A., De Dreu, C. K., & Homan, A. C. (2004). Work Grpup Diversity and Group Performance: An Integrative Model and Research Agenda. Journal of Applied Psychology , 1008-1022.
Wambui, T. W., Wangombe, J. G., Muthura, m. W., Kamau, A. W., & Jackson, S. M. (2013). Managing Workplace Diversity:A Kenyan Pespective. International Journal of Business and Social Science , 199-218.
Waiganjo, E. W., Mukulu, E., & Kahiri, J. (2012). Relationship between Strategic Human Resource Management and Firm Performance of Kenya's Corporate Organizations 2012. International Journal of humanities and Social Sceience , 10.
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods.Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Zanoni, P., & Janssens, M. (2004). Deconstructing Difference: The Rhetoric of Human Resource Managers' Diversity Discourses. Organization Studies , 55-74.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.