SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE BIRTH OUTCOMES AMONG NEONATES IN KAJIADO COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL

Authors

  • Wachira Boniface Mwai Jomo Kenyatta university of Agriculture and Technology
  • Prof. Gideon Kikuvi Jomo Kenyatta university of Agriculture and Technology
  • Dr. Dennis Magu Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1252

Keywords:

Socio Demographic, Socio Economic Factors, Adverse Birth Outcomes, Neonates

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine socio demographic and socio economic factors associated with adverse birth outcomes among neonates in Kajiado County Referral Hospital.

Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study design was used. The study population was women admitted in post-natal ward at Kajiado county Referral Hospital having delivered within 48 hours. Systematic sampling was used to select the women admitted in post-natal ward. A total of 163 study participants were recruited through systematic sampling. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from the respondents. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Pearson chi-square test was used to determine the significance of association between each outcome variable and the independent variables. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were used to estimate the strength of association. The threshold for significance was set at P<0.05 at all levels of analyses. Summary statistic of independent variables was presented using frequency tables, pie charts, percentages and graphs.

Results: The study found out that teenage pregnancy (giving birth at age ≤19 years) was significantly associated with preterm births and low birth weight. Neonates who were born by teenage mothers had higher odds of being preterm and low birth weight than those whose mothers were of  higher ages .Neonates born to mothers who were single had higher odds of low birth weight and preterm births compared to those born to married mothers. Neonates whose mothers resided in rural area had higher odds of having low birth weight and preterm birth compared to the urban dwellers.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that there is need of prevention of teenage pregnancies. This can be achieved by including sexuality and health education in the new competence based curriculum, development of laws with stiffer penalties for punishing those responsible for impregnating teenage girls. The study also recommended the empowerment of girl child through access to education, sensitizing the community against retrogressive cultural practices that lead to early pregnancies such as early marriages.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Wachira Boniface Mwai, Jomo Kenyatta university of Agriculture and Technology

Post Graduate Student

Prof. Gideon Kikuvi, Jomo Kenyatta university of Agriculture and Technology

Lecturer

Dr. Dennis Magu, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology

Lecturer

References

Abdo, R. A., Endalemaw, T. B., & Tesso, F. Y. (2016). Prevalence and associated factors of adverse birth outcomes among women attended maternity ward at Negest Elene Mohammed Memorial General Hospital in Hosanna Town, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Journal of Women's Health Care, 5(4).

Auger, N., Delzire, P., Harper, S., & Platt, R. W. (2012). Maternal education and stillbirth: estimating gestational-age-specific and cause-specific associations. Epidemiology, 247-254.

Balayla, J., Azoulay, L., & Abenhaim, H. A. (2011). Maternal marital status and the risk of stillbirth and infant death: a population-based cohort study on 40 million births in the United States. Women's Health Issues, 21(5), 361-365.

Chen, X. K., Wen, S. W., Fleming, N., Demissie, K., Rhoads, G. G., & Walker, M. (2007). Teenage pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a large population based retrospective cohort study. International journal of epidemiology, 36(2), 368-373.

Cheng, P. J., Huang, S. Y., Shaw, S. W., Kao, C. C., Chueh, H. Y., Chang, S. D., ... & Kung, F. T. (2010). Factors influencing women's decisions regarding pertussis vaccine: A decision-making study in the Postpartum Pertussis Immunization Program of a teaching hospital in Taiwan. Vaccine, 28(34), 5641-5647.

Cherie, N., & Mebratu, A. (2017). Adverse birth out comes and associated factors among delivered mothers in Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia. Journal of Women's Health Reproductive Medicine, 1(1), 4.

Diamond, I., Madise, N., Smith, P., & Magadi, M. (2004). Pathways of the determinants of unfavourable birth outcomes in Kenya. Journal of Biosocial Science, 36(2).

Flenady, V., Koopmans, L., Middleton, P., Frøen, J. F., Smith, G. C., Gibbons, K., ... & Fretts, R. (2011). Major risk factors for stillbirth in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The lancet, 377(9774), 1331-1340.

Gebremeskel, F., Gultie, T., Kejela, G., Hailu, D., & Workneh, Y. (2017). Determinants of adverse birth outcome among mothers who gave birth at hospitals in Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a facility based case control study. Qual Prim Care, 25(5), 259-66.

(KDHS)Kenya Demograhic Health Survey (2014)

Luo, Z. C., Wilkins, R., & Kramer, M. S. (2006). Effect of neighbourhood income and maternal education on birth outcomes: a population-based study. Csnsdian Medical Association Journal, 174(10), 1415-1420.

Masho, S. W., Chapman, D., & Ashby, M. (2010). The impact of paternity and marital status on low birth weight and preterm births. Marriage & Family Review, 46(4), 243-256

Muchemi, O. M., Echoka, E., & Makokha, A. (2015). Factors associated with low birth weight among neonates born at Olkalou District Hospital, Central Region, Kenya. Pan African Medical Journal, 20(1).

Paudel, Y. R., Jha, T., & Mehata, S. (2017). Timing of first antenatal care (ANC) and inequalities in early initiation of ANC in Nepal. Frontiers in public health, 5, 242.

Reddy, U. M., Laughon, S. K., Sun, L., Troendle, J., Willinger, M., & Zhang, J. (2010). Prepregnancy risk factors for antepartum stillbirth in the United States. Obstetrics and gynecology, 116(5), 1119.

Siza, J. E. (2008). Risk factors associated with low birth weight of neonates among pregnant women attending a referral hospital in northern Tanzania. Tanzania journal of health research, 10(1), 1-8.

Shah, P. S., Zao, J., & Ali, S. (2011). Maternal marital status and birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Maternal and child health journal, 15(7), 1097-1109.

UNICEF_WHO (2018) Low birth Estimates; levels and trends 2000-2015 https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/UNICEF-WHO-lowbirthweight-estimates-

Wagura, P., Wasunna, A., Laving, A., & Wamalwa, D. (2018). Prevalence and factors associated with preterm birth at kenyatta national hospital. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 18(1), 1-8.

Weng, Y. H., Yang, C. Y., & Chiu, Y. W. (2014). Risk assessment of adverse birth outcomes in relation to maternal age. PloS one, 9(12), e114843.

WHO (2012)Born too soon Global Action Report on Preterm Birth Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/pmnch/media/news/2012/201204_borntoosoon-report.pdf

WHO (2015) Preterm birth ,retrieved from ; https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth

WHO (2018) New Global Estimates on Preterm Birth Published https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/global-estimates-preterm-birth/en/

Downloads

Published

2021-03-23

How to Cite

Mwai, B. ., Kikuvi, G. ., & Magu, . D. (2021). SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE BIRTH OUTCOMES AMONG NEONATES IN KAJIADO COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL. Global Journal of Health Sciences, 6(1), 10 – 23. https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1252

Issue

Section

Articles