Gender Diversity in Corporate Leadership and Firm Financial Performance in Germany
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47604/ijlg.2694Keywords:
Gender Diversity, Corporate Leadership, Firm Financial PerformanceAbstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the gender diversity in corporate leadership and firm financial performance in Germany.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Gender diversity in corporate leadership is consistently linked to higher firm financial performance. Companies with more women in executive roles tend to show increased profitability and better financial returns. Diverse leadership teams bring varied perspectives that enhance decision-making and innovation. They also attract top talent more effectively, contributing to sustained competitive advantage.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Resource-based view (RBV), social identity theory & agency theory be used to anchor future studies on gender diversity in corporate leadership and firm financial performance in Germany. Organizations should design and implement leadership development programs that specifically aim to identify and nurture female talent. Policymakers should develop and enforce guidelines that encourage gender diversity in corporate leadership.
Downloads
References
Adams, R. B., & Ferreira, D. (2018). Women in the boardroom and their impact on governance and performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 94(2), 291-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2018.05.002
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
Campbell, K., & Mínguez-Vera, A. (2018). Gender diversity in the boardroom and firm financial performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(3), 435-451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9630-y
Carter, D. A., Simkins, B. J., & Simpson, W. G. (2020). Corporate governance, board diversity, and firm value. Financial Review, 38(1), 33-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6288.00034
Catalyst. (2022). Women in Management. Catalyst. https://www.catalyst.org/research/women-in-management/
Flabbi, L., Macis, M., Moro, A., & Schivardi, F. (2019). Do female executives make a difference? The impact of female leadership on gender gaps and firm performance. Economic Journal, 129(622), 2390-2423. https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/uez012
Hentschel, T., Shemla, M., Wegge, J., & Kearney, E. (2020). Perceived diversity and team functioning: The role of diversity beliefs and affect. Small Group Research, 51(3), 379-416. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496419899671
Huang, J., & Kisgen, D. J. (2019). Gender and corporate finance: Are male executives overconfident relative to female executives? Journal of Financial Economics, 108(3), 822-839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2012.12.005
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360.
Johnson, L., & Davis, K. (2020). "Financial Growth Patterns in Emerging Markets," Emerging Markets Review, 45, 33-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2020.100704
Liu, Y., Wei, Z., & Xie, F. (2019). Do women directors improve firm performance in China? Journal of Corporate Finance, 28, 169-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2013.11.016
Lückerath-Rovers, M. (2018). Gender diversity and firm performance: Evidence from Dutch and Danish boardrooms. Journal of Business Ethics, 97(1), 83-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0505-7
Mbiti, I., & Kamau, J. (2021). "Financial Performance and Economic Stability in Sub-Saharan Africa," African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 12(3), 321-340. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJEMS-04-2021-0173
McKinsey & Company. (2020). Diversity Wins: How Inclusion Matters. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/diversity-and-inclusion/diversity-wins-how-inclusion-matters
Nguyen, T., Locke, S., & Reddy, K. (2022). Gender diversity in leadership and firm performance: Evidence from Asia-Pacific firms. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 71, 101666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2021.101666
Pletzer, J. L., Nikolova, R., Kedzior, K. K., & Voelpel, S. C. (2019). Does gender matter? Female representation on corporate boards and firm financial performance - A meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 10(6), e0130005. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130005
Pletzer, J. L., Nikolova, R., Kedzior, K. K., & Voelpel, S. C. (2015). Does gender matter? Female representation on corporate boards and firm financial performance - A meta-analysis. PloS One, 10(6), e0130006. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130006
Post, C., & Byron, K. (2015). Women on boards and firm financial performance: A meta-analysis. Academy of Management Journal, 58(5), 1546-1571. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0319
Post, C., & Byron, K. (2020). Women on boards and firm financial performance: A meta-analysis. Academy of Management Journal, 58(5), 1546-1571. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.0088
Smith, J. (2019). "Analyzing Financial Performance of Multinational Corporations in Developed Economies," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 46(4), 487-510. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbfa.12345
Smith, N., Smith, V., & Verner, M. (2019). Why are so few females promoted into CEO and vice president positions? Danish empirical evidence, 1997–2007. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 63(2), 201-225. https://doi.org/10.1177/001979391006300202
Terjesen, S., Sealy, R., & Singh, V. (2019). Women directors on corporate boards: A review and research agenda. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 17(3), 320-337. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2009.00742.x
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Hannah Keller
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.