ROLE OF THIRD-PARTY LOGISTICS SERVICES ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE IN DISTRIBUTION SECTOR IN KENYA: A CASE OF BOLLORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS KENYA LIMITED
Keywords:
Third-Party Logistics Services, Supply Chain Performance, and Bollore Transport & Logistics LimitedAbstract
Purpose: The main objective of the study was to determine the role of third-party logistics services on supply chain performance in distribution sector in Kenya.
Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population of the study was all employees working within Bollore Transport & Logistics Kenya Limited Nairobi office. The study sampled 41 respondents out of 138 staff who work in the Logistics and transport department and 40 respondents participated in the final study. The researcher adopted the simple random sampling method because it gives every member of the population equal chances of being selected. A questionnaire was developed and pre-tested as the main tool for collecting primary data and was delivered to the respondents directly with the help of research assistants and picked later at the agreed date. The questionnaire contained both open and close ended questions. Data analysis was analysed by use of statistical package for social science version 24 (SPSS) analysis software and t-Trend analysis. The findings were presented using descriptive statistical tools like graphs, tables and other measures of central tendency while qualitative data was analyzed to establish patterns, trends and relationships from the information gathered.
Results: The results of the study revealed that the four variables studied explain 83% of variance and that other factors not included in this research contribute 17% of variance in the dependent variable. The study also established that ICT integration leads in improving financial performance in supply chain performance within distribution sector in Kenya while organizational policy adds little value on financial performance of firms within supply chain.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that the Government should implement distribution legislation to remove the unwanted and unfair clearance procedures that firms undergo delays 3PLs to achieve their targeted lead -times to customers. The Third Party Logistics Services (3PLs) providers need to build a culture of information sharing among its personnel, and with external clients hence reduce logistics obstacles of lack of knowledge within the supply chain sector.
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References
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Bolumole, Y.A. (2001), The Supply Chain Role of Third-Party Logistics Providers, International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 87-102
Borgatti, S. P., & Li, X. (2009). On social network analysis in a supply chain context. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 45(2), 5-22.
Bowersox DJ, Closs DJ, Cooper MB (2007). Supply Chain Logistics Management. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Cama, M., Cristi Nicu, I., Conoscenti, C., Qunherv, G., & Maerker, M. (2016). The role of multicollinearity in landslide susceptibility assessment by means of Binary Logistic Regression: comparison between VIF and AIC stepwise selection. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (Vol. 18, p. 16839).
Chandran, E. (2004). Research methods: A quantitative approach with illustrations from Christian ministries. Daystar University.
Chase, R.B., Jacobs, F.R., Aquilano, N.J. (2004), Operations Management for Competitive Advantage, 10th ed., Irwin/McGraw-Hill, Boston, MA
Chen, L. Y. (2004). Examining the effect of organization culture and leadership behaviors on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job performance at small and middle- sized firms of Taiwan. Journal of American Academy of Business, 5(1/2), 432-438.
Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics & supply chain management. Pearson UK.
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Corbitt, B.J. (2000). "˜Developing Intraorganizational Electronic Commerce Strategy: an ethnographic study', Journal of Information Technology, 15 (2), pp. 119-130.
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Davis, F. D. 1989. Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly 13(3): 319 - 339
Dale H. Besterfield, Carol Besterfield-Michna, Glen H. Besterfield and Mary Besterfield-Sacre (2009), Total Quality Management, Third Edition, Published by Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
Daugherty, P.J., Ellinger, A.E. and Rogers, D. S, (1995). Information accessibility: customer responsiveness and enhanced performance. International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. USA
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Donald JB, David JC, M Bixby C, (2008). Supply Chain Logistics Management. 2nd Edition; Tata McGraw New Delhi.
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Eliciane Maria da Silva, Mauro Vivaldini, Dalila Alves Correa (2012). Role of logistics services providers in the supply chain management: The social network perspective
Fabbe-Costes, N., Jahre, M., & Roussat, C. (2008). Supply chain integration: the role of logistics service providers. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 58(1), 71-91.
Freytag, P. V., Clarke, A. H., & Evald, M. R. (2012). Reconsidering outsourcing solutions. European Management Journal, 30(2), 99-110.
Forman, C., & Goldfarb, A. (2006). Diffusion of information and communication technologies to businesses.
Gibbs, S., Sequeira, J., & White, M. M. (2007). Social networks and technology adoption in small business. International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business, 2(1), 66-87.
Goldratt, Eliyahu M. (2014). Essays on the Theory of Constraints. [Great Barrington, MA]: North River Press. ISBN 0-88427-159-5.
Gourdin, K.N. (2006). Global Logistics Management, A Competitive Advantage for the 21st Century, 2nd edition, Blackwell Publishing, Hoboken New Jersey.
Harland, C. M., Telgen, J., Knight, L., Callender, G., & Thai, K. V. (2007). Challenges facing public procurement. In L. Knight, C. Harland, J. Telgen, K. V. Thai, G. Callender, & K. McKen (Eds.), Public procurement: international cases and commentary. (pp. 351- 358). Abingdon (UK): Routledge.
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Hult, G.T.M.; Hurley, R.F.; and Knight, G.A. (2004). Innovativeness: Its Antecedents and Impact on Business Performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 33 (5): 429-438.
Iyer, K. N. (2011). Demand Chain Collaboration And Operational Performance: Role of IT Analytic Capability and Environmental Uncertainty. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 26(2), 81- 91.
Jacobs, F.R. (2009). Operations and Supply Management, 12th Edition, Indiana University
James A O'Brien & George M. Marakas (2007). Management Information System, third Edition, Published by Mac Graw Hill.
Javalgi, R. and Ramsey, R. (2001). Strategic Issues of E-Commerce as an Alternative Global Distributions System. International Marketing Review, 18 (4), pp. 376-391.
Jayaram, J., & Tan, K. C. (2010). Supply chain integration with third-party logistics providers. International Journal of Production Economics, 125(2), 262-271.
João Batista de Camargo Junior, MárioSacomanoNeto, Silvio Roberto IgnácioPires
Eliciane Maria da Silva, Mauro Vivaldini, DalilaAlves Correa (2012). Role of logistics services providers in the supply chain management: The social network perspective
Kannan, V. R., & Tan, K. C. (2002). Supplier selection and assessment: Their impact on business performance. Journal of supply chain management, 38(3), 11-21.
Kemboi, C. L. J. K. A. (2016). Supply Chain Management Practices, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty. Supply Chain Management, 9(02).
Langley J (2007). The State of Logistics Outsourcing: Third-Party Logistics. Georgia Institute of Technology.
Lemmens, S., Decouttere, C., Vandaele, N., & Bernuzzi, M. (2016). A review of integrated supply chain network design models: Key issues for vaccine supply chains. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 109, 366-384.
Liu, C. L., & Lyons, A. C. (2011). An analysis of third-party logistics performance and service provision. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 47(4), 547-570.
Lwiki, T., Ojera, P. B., Mugenda, N. G., & Wachira, V. K. (2013). The Impact of Inventory Management Practices on Financial Performance of Sugar Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology, 3(5), 75-85.
Mburu, V. N. (2013). An Investigation of Factors Affecting Management Decision Making in Parastatals in Kenya a Case of Kenya Revenue Authority (Doctoral dissertation, United States International University-Africa).
M.R. Leenders, H.E Fearon, A.E Flynn & P.F Johnson (2002). Purchasing and Supply Management. 12th Edition
Mitchell Cotts Kenya Limited (2016); Retried from http://www.mitchellcotts.co.ke/wpcontent/uploads/newsletter4.pdf2016
Moon, M. J. (2000). Organizational commitment revisited in new public management: Motivation, organizational culture, sector, and managerial level. Public performance & management review, 177-194.
Mukaka, M. M. (2012). A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Medical Journal, 24(3), 69-71.
Nollet, J., & Beaulieu, M. (2005). Should an organization join a purchasing group?. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 10(1), 11-17.
O'Connor, P. and J. Anderson. (2008). Congress Defines Role of 3PLs. Outsourced Logistics, (1:4).
Oballah, D., Waiganjo, E., & Wachiuri, W. E. (2015). Effect of Inventory Management Practices on Organizational Performance in Public Health Institutions in Kenya: A case study of Kenyatta national hospital. International journal of education and research, 3(3), 703- 714.
Oelze, N., Hoejmose, S. U., Habisch, A., & Millington, A. (2016). Sustainable Development in Supply Chain Management: The Role of Organizational Learning for Policy Implementation. Business Strategy and the Environment, 25(4), 241-260.
Offei, E. (2014). Integrating Environmental and Social Considerations into Public Work Procurement in Ghana (Doctoral dissertation).
O'Neill G (2008). Design Engineering - Managing Technology: Shared logic. The Engineer (2008):36.
Panayides, P.M. (2007), The Impact of Organizational Learning on Relationship Orientation, Logistics Service Effectiveness and Performance, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 68-80.
Panayides, P.M. and So, M. (2005), Logistics Service Provider-Client Relationships, Transportation Research: Part E, Vol. 41, pp. 179-200.
Patil, K. K. R. (2015). An Implication of Groundwater Institutions on Reducing Negative Externality, Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Welfare in Karnataka. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 70(3), 292-306.
Patrick Johnson (2008), Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Second Edition. Review, (18:2), 2006, pp. 159-174.
Peteraf, Margaret and Bergen, Mark, (2003). Scanning Dynamic Competitive Landscapes: A Market Based and Resource-Based Framework", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 24, 1027-1041.
Price Waterhouse Coopers: "Outsourcing comes of Age: the rise to collaborative partnering", (2008)
Purnama, C. (2013). Influence Analysis of Organizational Culture Organizational Commitment Job and Satisfaction Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Toward Improved Organizational Performance. International journal of business, humanities and technology, 3(5), 86-100.
Qui Mabel, Fredendall Lawrence, and Zhu Zhiwei (2002). "TOC or LP? [production control]". Manufacturing Engineer. 81(4): 190-195. doi:10.1049/me:20020411
Richardson, K. (2004) Introductory Remarks E:CO Special Double Issue Vol. 6 Nos. 1-2 Fall
Roberts, J. (2000). From Know-how to Show-how? Questioning the Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Knowledge Transfer. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 12 (4), 429-443.
Rungtusanatham, M.F. Salvador. C. Forza, & T.Y. Choi (2003). "Supply Chain Linkages and Operational Performance: A resource - Based view perspective, "International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 23 No. 9: 10841099.
Legris, P., Ingham, J., & Collerette, P. (2003). Why do people use information technology? A critical review of the technology acceptance model. Information & management, 40(3), 191-204.
Serem, S. (2002). A survey of the outsourcing of human resource services by banks in Nairobi. Unpublished MBA Project, University of Nairobi.
Schramm, H.J. (2012). Transport Chains. Freight Forwarders Intermediary Role in Multimodal Transport Chains. A Social Network Approach, Physica Verlag, Springer Company, Vienna.
Shepherd, B. (2011). Logistics costs and competitiveness: Measurement and trade policy applications. Transport Support Research Series
Sink HL, Langley Jr. CJ (1997). A managerial framework for the acquisition of third-party
Stefanson, G. (2005). Collaborative Logistics Management and the Role of Third- Party Service Providers. International Journal of Physical Distribution: Logistics Management.
Sunil Chopra, Peter Meindl & D. V. Kalra (2006), Supply Chain Management, Third Edition. Published by Pearson Education Inc.
Trietsch, D. (2004). From the Flawed" theory of Constraints" to Hierarchically Balancing Criticalities (HBC). Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Auckland.
Uraikin, V. (2017). Staff cost reduction in the company through re-engineering of production layout.
Voon, M. L., Lo, M. C., Ngui, K. S., & Ayob, N. B. (2011). The influence of leadership styles on employees' job satisfaction in public sector organizations in Malaysia. International Journal of Business, Management and Social Sciences, 2(1), 24-32.
Wild, T. (2017). Best practice in inventory management. Routledge.
Wilding, R. and Juriado, R. (2004). Customer Perceptions on Logistics Outsourcing in the European Consumer Goods Industry. In International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 34, 8: 628-644.
Zaryyab Sheikh and Shafaq Ran (2012), International Journal on Management, Statistics & Social Sciences, Volume I, Issue I, 2012, Page 37-45.
Zhang, X., Pieter van Donk, D., & van der Vaart, T. (2011). Does ICT influence supply chain management and performance? A review of survey-based research. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 31(11), 1215-1247.
Arain, M., Campbell, M. J., Cooper, C. L., & Lancaster, G. A. (2010). What is a pilot or feasibility study? A review of current practice and editorial policy. BMC medical research methodology, 10(1), 67.
Axelsson, B. and Wynstra, F. (2002), Buying Business Services, Wiley, Chichester.
Axinn, W. G., & Pearce, L. D. (2006). Mixed method data collection strategies. Cambridge University Press.
Berggren C. & Bengtsson, L. (2004). Rethinking Outsourcing in Manufacturing. European Management Journal, 22 (2) 211-223.
Bolumole, Y.A. (2001), The Supply Chain Role of Third-Party Logistics Providers, International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 87-102
Borgatti, S. P., & Li, X. (2009). On social network analysis in a supply chain context. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 45(2), 5-22.
Bowersox DJ, Closs DJ, Cooper MB (2007). Supply Chain Logistics Management. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Cama, M., Cristi Nicu, I., Conoscenti, C., Qunherv, G., & Maerker, M. (2016). The role of multicollinearity in landslide susceptibility assessment by means of Binary Logistic Regression: comparison between VIF and AIC stepwise selection. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (Vol. 18, p. 16839).
Chandran, E. (2004). Research methods: A quantitative approach with illustrations from Christian ministries. Daystar University.
Chase, R.B., Jacobs, F.R., Aquilano, N.J. (2004), Operations Management for Competitive Advantage, 10th ed., Irwin/McGraw-Hill, Boston, MA
Chen, L. Y. (2004). Examining the effect of organization culture and leadership behaviors on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job performance at small and middle- sized firms of Taiwan. Journal of American Academy of Business, 5(1/2), 432-438.
Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics & supply chain management. Pearson UK.
Connaway, L. S., & Powell, R. R. (2010). Basic research methods for librarians. ABC-CLIO.
Corbitt, B.J. (2000). "˜Developing Intraorganizational Electronic Commerce Strategy: an ethnographic study', Journal of Information Technology, 15 (2), pp. 119-130.
Cox, Jeff; Goldratt, Eliyahu M. (1986). The goal: a process of ongoing improvement. [Croton- on-Hudson, NY]: North River Press. ISBN 0-88427-061-0.
Davis, F. D. 1989. Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly 13(3): 319 - 339
Dale H. Besterfield, Carol Besterfield-Michna, Glen H. Besterfield and Mary Besterfield-Sacre (2009), Total Quality Management, Third Edition, Published by Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
Daugherty, P.J., Ellinger, A.E. and Rogers, D. S, (1995). Information accessibility: customer responsiveness and enhanced performance. International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. USA
Denicolo, P., & Becker, L. (2012). Developing research proposals. Sage.
Donald JB, David JC, M Bixby C, (2008). Supply Chain Logistics Management. 2nd Edition; Tata McGraw New Delhi.
Eckert, S.G. (2007), "Inventory Management and Its Effects on Customer Satisfaction". Journal of Business and public Policy. (1), 1-2
Eliciane Maria da Silva, Mauro Vivaldini, Dalila Alves Correa (2012). Role of logistics services providers in the supply chain management: The social network perspective
Fabbe-Costes, N., Jahre, M., & Roussat, C. (2008). Supply chain integration: the role of logistics service providers. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 58(1), 71-91.
Freytag, P. V., Clarke, A. H., & Evald, M. R. (2012). Reconsidering outsourcing solutions. European Management Journal, 30(2), 99-110.
Forman, C., & Goldfarb, A. (2006). Diffusion of information and communication technologies to businesses.
Gibbs, S., Sequeira, J., & White, M. M. (2007). Social networks and technology adoption in small business. International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business, 2(1), 66-87.
Goldratt, Eliyahu M. (2014). Essays on the Theory of Constraints. [Great Barrington, MA]: North River Press. ISBN 0-88427-159-5.
Gourdin, K.N. (2006). Global Logistics Management, A Competitive Advantage for the 21st Century, 2nd edition, Blackwell Publishing, Hoboken New Jersey.
Harland, C. M., Telgen, J., Knight, L., Callender, G., & Thai, K. V. (2007). Challenges facing public procurement. In L. Knight, C. Harland, J. Telgen, K. V. Thai, G. Callender, & K. McKen (Eds.), Public procurement: international cases and commentary. (pp. 351- 358). Abingdon (UK): Routledge.
Hisrich, RD, MP, DA, (2008) Entrepreneurship. London: Mac Grill Hill Publishers International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences May 2014, Vol. 4, No. 5 ISSN: 2222- 6990 609 www.hrmars.com
Hult, G.T.M.; Hurley, R.F.; and Knight, G.A. (2004). Innovativeness: Its Antecedents and Impact on Business Performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 33 (5): 429-438.
Iyer, K. N. (2011). Demand Chain Collaboration And Operational Performance: Role of IT Analytic Capability and Environmental Uncertainty. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 26(2), 81- 91.
Jacobs, F.R. (2009). Operations and Supply Management, 12th Edition, Indiana University
James A O'Brien & George M. Marakas (2007). Management Information System, third Edition, Published by Mac Graw Hill.
Javalgi, R. and Ramsey, R. (2001). Strategic Issues of E-Commerce as an Alternative Global Distributions System. International Marketing Review, 18 (4), pp. 376-391.
Jayaram, J., & Tan, K. C. (2010). Supply chain integration with third-party logistics providers. International Journal of Production Economics, 125(2), 262-271.
João Batista de Camargo Junior, MárioSacomanoNeto, Silvio Roberto IgnácioPires
Eliciane Maria da Silva, Mauro Vivaldini, DalilaAlves Correa (2012). Role of logistics services providers in the supply chain management: The social network perspective
Kannan, V. R., & Tan, K. C. (2002). Supplier selection and assessment: Their impact on business performance. Journal of supply chain management, 38(3), 11-21.
Kemboi, C. L. J. K. A. (2016). Supply Chain Management Practices, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty. Supply Chain Management, 9(02).
Langley J (2007). The State of Logistics Outsourcing: Third-Party Logistics. Georgia Institute of Technology.
Lemmens, S., Decouttere, C., Vandaele, N., & Bernuzzi, M. (2016). A review of integrated supply chain network design models: Key issues for vaccine supply chains. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 109, 366-384.
Liu, C. L., & Lyons, A. C. (2011). An analysis of third-party logistics performance and service provision. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 47(4), 547-570.
Lwiki, T., Ojera, P. B., Mugenda, N. G., & Wachira, V. K. (2013). The Impact of Inventory Management Practices on Financial Performance of Sugar Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology, 3(5), 75-85.
Mburu, V. N. (2013). An Investigation of Factors Affecting Management Decision Making in Parastatals in Kenya a Case of Kenya Revenue Authority (Doctoral dissertation, United States International University-Africa).
M.R. Leenders, H.E Fearon, A.E Flynn & P.F Johnson (2002). Purchasing and Supply Management. 12th Edition
Mitchell Cotts Kenya Limited (2016); Retried from http://www.mitchellcotts.co.ke/wpcontent/uploads/newsletter4.pdf2016
Moon, M. J. (2000). Organizational commitment revisited in new public management: Motivation, organizational culture, sector, and managerial level. Public performance & management review, 177-194.
Mukaka, M. M. (2012). A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Medical Journal, 24(3), 69-71.
Nollet, J., & Beaulieu, M. (2005). Should an organization join a purchasing group?. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 10(1), 11-17.
O'Connor, P. and J. Anderson. (2008). Congress Defines Role of 3PLs. Outsourced Logistics, (1:4).
Oballah, D., Waiganjo, E., & Wachiuri, W. E. (2015). Effect of Inventory Management Practices on Organizational Performance in Public Health Institutions in Kenya: A case study of Kenyatta national hospital. International journal of education and research, 3(3), 703- 714.
Oelze, N., Hoejmose, S. U., Habisch, A., & Millington, A. (2016). Sustainable Development in Supply Chain Management: The Role of Organizational Learning for Policy Implementation. Business Strategy and the Environment, 25(4), 241-260.
Offei, E. (2014). Integrating Environmental and Social Considerations into Public Work Procurement in Ghana (Doctoral dissertation).
O'Neill G (2008). Design Engineering - Managing Technology: Shared logic. The Engineer (2008):36.
Panayides, P.M. (2007), The Impact of Organizational Learning on Relationship Orientation, Logistics Service Effectiveness and Performance, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 68-80.
Panayides, P.M. and So, M. (2005), Logistics Service Provider-Client Relationships, Transportation Research: Part E, Vol. 41, pp. 179-200.
Patil, K. K. R. (2015). An Implication of Groundwater Institutions on Reducing Negative Externality, Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Welfare in Karnataka. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 70(3), 292-306.
Patrick Johnson (2008), Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Second Edition. Review, (18:2), 2006, pp. 159-174.
Peteraf, Margaret and Bergen, Mark, (2003). Scanning Dynamic Competitive Landscapes: A Market Based and Resource-Based Framework", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 24, 1027-1041.
Price Waterhouse Coopers: "Outsourcing comes of Age: the rise to collaborative partnering", (2008)
Purnama, C. (2013). Influence Analysis of Organizational Culture Organizational Commitment Job and Satisfaction Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Toward Improved Organizational Performance. International journal of business, humanities and technology, 3(5), 86-100.
Qui Mabel, Fredendall Lawrence, and Zhu Zhiwei (2002). "TOC or LP? [production control]". Manufacturing Engineer. 81(4): 190-195. doi:10.1049/me:20020411
Richardson, K. (2004) Introductory Remarks E:CO Special Double Issue Vol. 6 Nos. 1-2 Fall
Roberts, J. (2000). From Know-how to Show-how? Questioning the Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Knowledge Transfer. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 12 (4), 429-443.
Rungtusanatham, M.F. Salvador. C. Forza, & T.Y. Choi (2003). "Supply Chain Linkages and Operational Performance: A resource - Based view perspective, "International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 23 No. 9: 10841099.
Legris, P., Ingham, J., & Collerette, P. (2003). Why do people use information technology? A critical review of the technology acceptance model. Information & management, 40(3), 191-204.
Serem, S. (2002). A survey of the outsourcing of human resource services by banks in Nairobi. Unpublished MBA Project, University of Nairobi.
Schramm, H.J. (2012). Transport Chains. Freight Forwarders Intermediary Role in Multimodal Transport Chains. A Social Network Approach, Physica Verlag, Springer Company, Vienna.
Shepherd, B. (2011). Logistics costs and competitiveness: Measurement and trade policy applications. Transport Support Research Series
Sink HL, Langley Jr. CJ (1997). A managerial framework for the acquisition of third-party
Stefanson, G. (2005). Collaborative Logistics Management and the Role of Third- Party Service Providers. International Journal of Physical Distribution: Logistics Management.
Sunil Chopra, Peter Meindl & D. V. Kalra (2006), Supply Chain Management, Third Edition. Published by Pearson Education Inc.
Trietsch, D. (2004). From the Flawed" theory of Constraints" to Hierarchically Balancing Criticalities (HBC). Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Auckland.
Uraikin, V. (2017). Staff cost reduction in the company through re-engineering of production layout.
Voon, M. L., Lo, M. C., Ngui, K. S., & Ayob, N. B. (2011). The influence of leadership styles on employees' job satisfaction in public sector organizations in Malaysia. International Journal of Business, Management and Social Sciences, 2(1), 24-32.
Wild, T. (2017). Best practice in inventory management. Routledge.
Wilding, R. and Juriado, R. (2004). Customer Perceptions on Logistics Outsourcing in the European Consumer Goods Industry. In International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 34, 8: 628-644.
Zaryyab Sheikh and Shafaq Ran (2012), International Journal on Management, Statistics & Social Sciences, Volume I, Issue I, 2012, Page 37-45.
Zhang, X., Pieter van Donk, D., & van der Vaart, T. (2011). Does ICT influence supply chain management and performance? A review of survey-based research. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 31(11), 1215-1247.
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2018-11-01
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Maata, S. W., & Ombui, D. K. (2018). ROLE OF THIRD-PARTY LOGISTICS SERVICES ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE IN DISTRIBUTION SECTOR IN KENYA: A CASE OF BOLLORE TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS KENYA LIMITED. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 3(2), 22 – 43. Retrieved from https://iprjb.org/journals/index.php/IJSCM/article/view/760
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