Microfinance Impact on Household Poverty Levels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47604/jpid.2079Keywords:
Foreign Direct Investment, Poverty Reduction Economic DevelopmentAbstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate Microfinance Impact on Household Poverty Levels
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The study's findings highlighted that microfinance has a mixed impact on household poverty levels. While treated households experienced increased income, consumption, and investment, overall poverty reduction remained modest. Notably, the positive effects were more pronounced for households with pre-existing entrepreneurial skills. The relationship between microfinance and women's empowerment was complex, as these programs had varying impacts on income generation and decision-making among women. Furthermore, group-based microcredit programs led to improved household welfare for both genders, with females experiencing more significant poverty reductions.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Financial Inclusion Theory and Social Capital Theory may be used to anchor future studies on Microfinance impact on household poverty levels. Offer financial literacy training and business development support to borrowers. Enforce policies that protect borrowers from predatory lending practices, ensuring transparency in loan terms and preventing coercive debt collection tactics
Downloads
References
Alkire, S., Conconi, A., & Robles, G. (2020). Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020: Brief Methodological Note and Results. OPHI Briefing 56, Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative. Retrieved from https://ophi.org.uk/multidimensional-poverty-index/brief-methodological-note-and-results/
Bhuiyan, A. B., Sharif, A. I. M., & Hossain, G. M. (2018). Impact of Microfinance on Women Empowerment and Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from Grameen America in the United States. Journal of International Women's Studies, 19(4), 41-55.
Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia. (2021). Welfare Monitoring Survey 2019/20: Key Findings Report. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Chattopadhyay, S., & Ghosh, S. (2020). Impact of Microfinance on Women Empowerment and Poverty Alleviation in Rural India: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Developing Areas, 54(4), 143-161.
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Klapper, L. (2012). Measuring Financial Inclusion: The Global Findex Database. *World Bank Policy Research Working Paper*, (6025).
Department for Work and Pensions. (2021). Households Below Average Income (HBAI). Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/households-below-average-income-hbai
Duflo, E. (2012). Women's Empowerment and Economic Development. *Journal of Economic Literature*, 50(4), 1051-1079.
Ferreira, F. H. G., Firpo, S., & Messina, J. (2019). Ageing Poorly? Accounting for the Decline in Earnings Inequality in Brazil, 1995-2012. Review of Income and Wealth, 65(1), 59-81. DOI: 10.1111/roiw.12344
Hulme, D., & Mosley, P. (1996). Finance Against Poverty. Volume 1: Microfinance State-of-the-Art Reviews. Routledge.
Kabeer, N. (2005). Gender equality and women's empowerment: A critical analysis of the third Millennium Development Goal. *Gender & Development*, 13(1), 13-24.
Kabeer, N. (2012). Women's Economic Empowerment and Socio-cultural Change: Questioning Some Conventional Wisdom. *Journal of International Development, 24*(7), 769-781.
Karlan, D., & Zinman, J. (2010). Expanding Microenterprise Credit Access: Using Randomized Supply Decisions to Estimate the Impacts in Manila. *Review of Economics and Statistics*, 92(4), 985-1008.
Karlan, D., & Zinman, J. (2016). Long-Run Price Elasticities of Demand for Credit: Evidence from a Countrywide Field Experiment in Mexico. *The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 131*(2), 771-805.
Khandker, S. R. (2005). Microfinance and Poverty: Evidence Using Panel Data from Bangladesh. The World Bank Economic Review, 19(2), 263-286.
Khandker, S. R. (2017). Microfinance and Poverty: Evidence Using Panel Data from Bangladesh. Journal of Development Studies, 53(7), 1105-1121.
Khandker, S. R., Samad, H. A., & Ali, R. (2013). Long-term impacts of microcredit programs on economic security and welfare of the poor: Evidence from a randomized control trial in Bangladesh. *Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 32*(4), 719-742.
Kus, G., Rodgers, P., & Ward, C. (2019). Community Development Finance Institutions and their Role in Poverty Reduction: The Case of the United Kingdom. Journal of Business Ethics, 159(1), 143-162.
Matovu, J. M., Akena, D. E., & Ddungu, S. F. (2020). Microfinance and Poverty Alleviation in Uganda: Evidence from Microfinance Support Centre Ltd. Journal of Poverty, 24(5), 452-469.
Pitt, M. M., & Khandker, S. R. (1998). The Impact of Group-Based Credit Programs on Poor Households in Bangladesh: Does the Gender of Participants Matter? *Journal of Political Economy*, 106(5), 958-996.
Pitt, M. M., & Khandker, S. R. (2012). The Impact of Group-Based Credit Programs on Poor Households in Bangladesh: Does the Gender of Participants Matter? *Journal of Political Economy, 106*(5), 958-996.
Rahman, A. (2015). Microfinance and Poverty Reduction: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Bangladesh. *Journal of Development Economics, 115*, 1-15.
Suri, T., & Jack, W. (2016). The Long-run Poverty and Gender Impacts of Mobile Money. Science, 354(6317), 1288-1292.
U.S. Census Bureau. (2021). Poverty Thresholds. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-poverty-thresholds.html
World Bank. (2021). Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020: Reversals of Fortune. Washington, DC: World Bank. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1613-2
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Brian Mandy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.