INFLUENCE OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION PLANNING ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE IN RWANDA: A CASE OF SELECTED NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN GASABO DISTRICT
Keywords:
Monitoring, Evaluation, M&E Planning, Project PerformanceAbstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of monitoring and evaluation planning on project performance in Rwanda a Case of selected NGOs in Gasabo District.
Methodology: Descriptive survey design was used; the targeted population of the study was 72 NGOs based in Gasabo district, Kigali. From each NGO two respondents (M&E Specialist & Finance Manager) was picked purposively hence the total target population was 144 respondents.A sample size of 106 respondents was determined using Yamane's formula. The study used both primary and secondary data where questionnaireswere used for data collection. Cronbach's alpha test was utilized in assessing reliability of research instrument. Datacollectedwasprocessedthrough SPSS version 21.Data analysis involved statistical computations for averages, percentages, and correlation and regression analysis. Descriptive statistics and Correlation (using the Karl Pearson's coefficient of correlation) was used to analyze the data and establish the relationship between the dependent variables and the set of independent variables. In this way all necessary measures to ensure project performance is enhanced, are taken care of under M&E planning.
Findings: Findings indicated that all participating institutions were privy to the M&E plans developed by AVU. On average, 92% of the respondents gave plausible reasons why they thought M&E planning influences project performance in reference to the projects under study. Spearman correlation showed a positive significant correlation coefficient of 0.8 between M&E planning and project performance.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:Based on the findings that M&E planning has high correlation with project performance, it is here by recommended that a well thought out M&E plan needs to be in place and be fully implemented if project performance is to be enhanced.
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References
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Influences.SAGE.
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Zambia.
Schwandt, T. A., &Burgon, H. (2006).Evaluation and the study of live experience. In In
Shaw, I.F.,
Greene, J.C. and Mark, M.M. (Eds) The SAGE Handbook of Evaluation. London: Sage
Publishers.
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Participatory Evaluation - the Private Voluntary Organization for Health-II (PVOH) Experience.Paperpresented for the International Conference on Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation:Experience and Lessons. Cavite, Philippines.
Action Aid.(2008, June).Accountability, Learning and Planning System (with notes to
AccompanyALPS). Retrieved December 12, 2013, from London: Action Aid, UK, Hamlyn House,Macdonald Road, Archway, London N19 5P.
Alcock, P. (2009). Targets, Indicators and Milestones.Public Management Review, 6(2).
Armonia, Ricardo, C., Dindo, M., &Campilan. (2006). Participatory Monitoring and
Evaluation: TheAsian Experience, Regional Overview Paper Prepared for the International WorkshoponParticipatory Monitoring and Evaluation, Cavite Philippines.UPWARD.
Armstrong, M., & Baron, A. (2013).Performance Management: The New Realities.
CharteredInstitute of Personnel and Development.
Babbie, E., & Mouton, J. (2006).The Practice of Social Research. UK: Oxford
University.
Bamberger, M. (2008).Enhancing the utilization of evaluations for evidence-based
policy- making. In M.Segone (Ed), Bridging the Gap.
Bemelmans, V., Louise, M., Lonsdale, J., &Perr. (2007B). Making accountability work:
Dilemmas for evaluation and for audit.Comparative Policy Evaluation.Vol. 14.
Beynon-Davies, P. (2008). Database Systems (3rd ed.). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave.
Binnendijk, A. L. (1989). Donor Agency Experience with the Monitoring and Evaluation
of Development Projects. New York, USA: SAGE.
Blank, R. (1993).Developing a System for Education Indicators: Selecting, Implementing
and Reporting Indicators. Education Evaluation and Policy Analysis 15 (1, Spring).
Bogdan, R. C., &Biklen, S. K. (2007).Qualitative research for education: An
introduction to theories and methods (5th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education.
Bonaglia, F., Macedo, J. B., &Bussolo, M. (2001, October).How Globalisation
Improves Governance, CEPF Discussion Paper No. 2992
Brignall, S., & Modell, S. (2010, September). An Institutional Perspective on
Performance Measurement and Management in the "New Public Sector".Management Accounting Research, 11.
Cheng, M.-I., Daint, A., & Moore, D. (2007).Implementing a new performance
management system within a project-based organization. International Journal of Productivity and PerformanceManagement., Vol. 56(1).
Cherry, K. (2015).What is a Survey?Carbana, Australia.:Capitol Hill.
Cleland, D. I., & Ireland, L. R. (2007).Project Magment: Strategic Design and
Implementation.(5th, Ed.) Singapore: McGaw-Hill.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2008).Research Methods in Education. London:
RoutledgeFalmer.
Cook, T. D. (2006). Collaborative Acting research within development evaluation:
Learning to see or the road to Myopia?Evaluation.
Cox, P. (2009).Evaluation for Improvement: A Seven-Step Empowerment Evaluation
Approach for Violent Prevention Organizations.National Center for Injury Prevention.
Eisinga, R., Te Grotenhuis, M., &Pelzer, B. (2013). The reliability of a two-item scale:
Pearson, Cronbach or Spearman-Brown?Radboud University Nijmegen, Department of SocialScience Research Methods. Nijmegen, TheNetherlands: International Journal of PublicHealth 58 (4): 637-642.
Estrella, M., &Gaventa, J. (2010)."Who Counts Reality? Participatory Monitoring and
Evaluation: ALiterature Review". IDS Working Paper 70. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies.
Franco, M., & Bourne, M. (2011). Factors that Play a Role in "Management Through
Measures".Management Decisions, 41(8).
Frankel, N., & Gage, A. (2007).M&E Fundamentals: A Self-Guided Manicures.
(Measure Evaluation) Retrieved February 24, 2014, from Measure Evaluation:
Fukuda-Parr, S., Lopes, C., & Malik, K. (2002).Capacity for Development: New
Solutions to OldProblems. London, UK: Earth- scan Publications, Ltd.
Glen, F., Isaacs, S., &Trucan, M. (2007). Survey of ICTs in Education in Africa. The
InternationalBank for Reconstruction and Development. Washington D.C - USA: World Bank.
Gohl, Eberhard, Dorsi, G., & Schwarz, B. (2008).Participatory Impact Monitoring, Four
Volumes:(1) Group Based Impact Monitoring (2) NGO-Based Impact Monitoring (3) ApplicationExamples (4) The Concept of Participatory Impact Monitoring.Brauschweig, Germany: GATE/GTZ.
Gosling, Lousia, & Edwards, M. (2009).Toolkits: A Practical Guide to Assessment,
Monitoring, Review and Evaluation. London: Save the Children.
Gray, J. (2009). Evaluations for learning, A discussion paper for the UK not-for-profit
sector.
Hailey, J., &Sorgenfrei, M. (2009).Measuring Success: Issues in Performance
Measurement.INTRAC Praxis Programme. Series No. 44.
Hamer, A., &Komenan, A. G. (2004).Multinational Support Project. African
Development Bank
Hogger, R., Kuchli, C., Zimmerman, A., Engler, M., &Vokra, E. (2011).Monitoring
keeping in touchwith reality. Berne: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation.
IFAD.(2002). A Guide for Project Monitoring and Evaluation. International Fund for
AgriculturalDevelopment.
Jones, H. (2011). A guide to monitoring and evaluating policy influence, Overseas
DevelopmentInstitute Background Notes, ODI.ODI.ODI.
Kennerly, M., & Neely, A. (2003). Measuring Performance in a Changing Business
Environment.International Journal of Operations & Production Management,
23(2).
Kerlinger, F. N., &Rint, N. (2004).Founddations of Behavioural Research. London:
Winston Inc.
Khan, A. M. (2001).A Guidebook on Results Based Monitoring and Evaluation: Key
Concepts, Issues and Applications. Sri Lanka: Monitoring and Progress Re- view Division, Ministry of PlanImplementation.
Kohli, U. T., &Chitkara, K. K. (2008). Kohli, U. Project management Handbook. New
Delhi, India: Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing company Limited.
Krzysztof, J., Potkansk, T., & Stanislaw, A. (2011).Internal Project M&E System and
Development of Evaluation Capacity - Experience of the World Bank-funded Rural Development.WorldBank.
Kuprenas, J. A. (2012). Project Mangement Actions to Improve Design.Journal of
Management inEngineering.
Kusek, J. Z., &Rist, R. C. (2004).Ten Steps to a Results-Based Monitoring and
Evaluation System.
Washington DC, United States of America: The International Bank for Reconstruction
andDevelopment / The World Bank.
Lune, S., Parke, C. S., & Stone, C. A. (1998).A framework for evaluating the
consequencesofassessment programs. . NY, USA: Educational Measurement.
Mackay, K. (2007). How to Build Monitoring and Evaluation Systems to Support Better
Government.Washington DC, Washington DC, United States of America: World Bank.
Maddock, N. (2009). Has project monitoring and evaluation worked?Bradford, BD7:
Developmentand Project Planning Centre, University of Bradford.
Marsden, David, & Oakley, P. (2001).Evaluating Social Development Projects:
DevelopmentGuidelines.Oxfarm. Oxford.
Merriam, S. B. (2008). Qualitative Research in Practice: Examples for discussion and
analysis. (1stedition).Jossey Bass, A Wiley Company.
Morra, L. I., & Rist, R. C. (2009). The Road to Results: Designing and Conducting
EffectiveDevelopment Evaluations. Washington DC, USA: World Bank.
Msila, V., &Setlhako, A. (2013).Evaluation of Programs: Reading Carol H. Weiss.
University of South Africa, College of Education, Department of Education Leadership and Management. Pretoria, South Africa: Horizon Research Publishing.
Naidoo, I. A. (2011).The role of monitoring and evaluation in promoting good
governance in SouthAfrica: A case study of the Department of Social Development. University of Witwatersrand.Johannesburg: Wired Space.
Narayan-Parker, D., & Nagel. (2009). Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation: Tools
formanagingChange in Education. .World Bank. Washington DC: World Bank.
Neubert, S. (2010).Description and examples of MAPP: Method for Impact Assessment
ofProgrammes and Projects. Bonn: German Development Institute. Bonn: GermanDevelopment Institute.
Neuman, W. L. (2006). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative
Approaches.
Nuguti, E. O. (2009). Understanding Project Monitoring and Evaluation. Nairobi,
Kenya: EKON Publishing.
Nyonje, R. O., Ndunge, K. D., &Mulwa, A. S. (2012).Monitoring and Evaluation of
Projects and Programs - A Handbook for Students and Practitioners. Nairobi, Kenya: Aura Publishers.
OECD. (2002). Glossary of Key terms in Evaluation and results Based management.
OECD.
Ogula, P. A. (2002). Monitoring and Evaluation of Educational Projects and Progrmas.
Nairobi, Kenya: New Kemit Publishers.
Olive, B. (2002). Planning for Monitoring and Evaluations.Olive Publication.
PAMFORK. (2007). Report of Workshop on Using Participatory Methodologies for
Monitoring and Evaluation. Nairobi, Kenya: Participatory Methodologies for Monitoring and Evaluation,South-South Sharing Forum.
Parks, W., Felder, G. D., Hunt, & Byrne, A. (2012).Who Measures Change: An
introductiontoparticipatory monitoring and evaluation for communication for social change.
Pawson, R., & Tilley, N. (2004).Realistic Evaluation. London: SAGE Publications.
Pfohl,& Jacob. (2009). Participatory Evaluation: A User's Guide. New York: Private
Agencies Collaborating Together (PACT).
PMI. (2006). Project Management Body of Knowledge (3rd ed.). USA: PMI.
Preskill, H. (2004).The transformational power of evaluation: Passion, purpose and
practice, In Alkin, M.C. (Ed) Evaluation Roots, Tracing Theories, Views and
Influences.SAGE.
Reviere, R., Berkowitz, S., Carter, C., &Gergusan, C. (1996).Needs Assessment:
A creative and Practical Guide for Social.
Rodgers, P., & Williams, B. (2006).Evaluation for practice improvement and
organizational learning, In Shaw, I.F., Greene, J.C. and Mark, M.M. (Eds) The
SAGE Handbook ofEvaluation. London: Sage Publishers.
Roper, L., &Petitt, J. (2002).Development and learning organization; An introduction.
Roza, T. G. (2013). Monitoring and Evaluation Influence. Lusaka, Zambia: University of
Zambia.
Schwandt, T. A., &Burgon, H. (2006).Evaluation and the study of live experience. In In
Shaw, I.F.,
Greene, J.C. and Mark, M.M. (Eds) The SAGE Handbook of Evaluation. London: Sage
Publishers.
Schwartz, R., &Mayne, J. (2005).Quality Matters: Seeking Confidence in Evaluating,
Auditing, andPerformance Reporting.Comparative Policy Evaluation.Transaction Publishers.
Scriven, M. (2010).Reflections, In Alkin, M.C. (Ed) Evaluation Roots, Tracing Theories,
Views andInfluences. USA: SAGE.
Shapiro, J. (2001). Monitoring and Evaluation. Johannesburg: CIVICUS: World Alliance
forCitizenParticipation.
Singh, D. K., &Nyandemo, S. N. (2004). Aspect of Project Planning, Monitoring,
Evaluation andImplementation.Duhra Dune, India: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh.
Starling, S. (2010). Monitoring and evaluating advocacy: lessons from Oxfam GB's
Climate ChangeCampaign Development in Practice.20(2).
Trochim, W. M. (2006, August 14). Research Methods Knowledge Base. Retrieved from
Web Centerof Social Research Methods:
Tuckermann, B. (2007). Challenges and key success factors to integrating learning and
changeinmonitoring and evaluation of development projects: Case study of an urban agricultureproject in eastern Cuba. 4(.Knowledge Management for Development Journal, 4(1).
Turner, J. R., & Muller, R. (2005). The Project Manager's Leadership Style as a success
Factor onProjects: A Literature Review. Project Management Journal (36).
UNDP. (2006). Who are the Question-Makers? A Participatory Evaluating Handbook,
Office of theEvaluation and Strategic Planning.
UNDP. (2009). Handbook on Planning Monitoring and Evaluating for Development
Results.NewYork, USA: United Nations Development Program.
UNDP. (2009). Workshop on Goals and Indicators for Monitoring and Evaluation for
Water andSanitation.Monitoring and Evaluation for Water and Sanitation.UNDP World Bank Waterand Sanitation Program. New York: UNDP.
UNDP. (2010). Results-Oriented Monitoring and Evaluation: A Handbook for Program
Managers.UNDP.
UNESCO. (2013). Technology, Broadband and Education - Advancing the Education for
All Agenda.A Report by the Broadband Commission Working Group on Education.
United NationsEducation, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Paris: UNESCO.
UPWARD. (2011). Interfacing PM&E with the Research and Development Process: An
Introduction.Self-assessment: Participatory Dimensions of Project Monitoring and Evaluation.
Verma, V. (2005).Organizing projects for success. Project Management Institute. .
Newtown Square,PA.
Ward,&Pene. (2009). Getting the Right End of the Stick: Participatory Monitoring and
Evaluation in an Organizational Context, Cavite.
Woodhill, Jim, & Lisa, R. (2012).Participatory Evaluation for Landcare and Catchment
Groups: A Guide for Facilitators. Greening, Australia.
Wysocki, R. K., &McGary, R. (2003).Effective Project Management - Traditional,
Adaptive andExtreme (3rd ed.). (R. M. Elliott, Ed.) Indianapolis, Indiana: Wiley Publishing.
Yin, R. K. (2003).Case study research: Design and methods (2nd Ed).CA.: Newbury
Park.
Zimba, N. G. (1998). Consequential aspects of the validity of achievement tests: A
publisher's point of view. Educational Measurement.Lusaka, Zambia: UNZA.
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2018-11-08
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Hubert, N., & Mulyungi, D. P. (2018). INFLUENCE OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION PLANNING ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE IN RWANDA: A CASE OF SELECTED NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN GASABO DISTRICT. European Journal of Business and Strategic Management, 3(8), 1 – 16. Retrieved from https://iprjb.org/journals/index.php/EJBSM/article/view/765
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